Core vs. Non-Core Vaccines

The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) divides dog vaccines into two categories: core vaccines, recommended for every dog regardless of lifestyle, and non-core vaccines, recommended based on your dog's environment and risk of exposure.

Core Vaccines (Every Dog Needs These)

VaccineWhat it protects againstSchedule
RabiesFatal viral disease, legally required in most statesFirst dose at 12–16 weeks, booster at 1 year, then every 1 or 3 years
DHPPDistemper, Hepatitis, Parvovirus, ParainfluenzaSeries starting at 6–8 weeks, every 3–4 weeks until 16 weeks, booster at 1 year, then every 3 years

Non-Core Vaccines (Based on Lifestyle)

VaccineRecommended forSchedule
BordetellaDogs in boarding, grooming or dog parksEvery 6–12 months
LeptospirosisDogs exposed to wildlife or standing waterAnnual, after initial 2-dose series
Lyme diseaseDogs in tick-endemic areasAnnual, after initial 2-dose series
Canine InfluenzaDogs frequently in social settingsAnnual

The Puppy Vaccine Schedule

Puppies require a series of vaccines during their first few months of life because maternal antibodies from their mother gradually fade. Here is what a typical puppy schedule looks like:

AgeVaccines
6–8 weeksDHPP (first dose)
10–12 weeksDHPP (second dose), Bordetella, Leptospirosis
14–16 weeksDHPP (third dose), Rabies
12–16 monthsDHPP booster, Rabies booster, annual non-core vaccines
Tip: Track every vaccine in Kinselo

Kinselo stores each vaccine with the date, next due date and your vet's name. You get a visual status (up to date, due soon, overdue) and automatic reminders so nothing falls through the cracks.

Adult Dog Booster Schedule

After the initial puppy series, adult dogs need regular boosters to maintain protection. The timing depends on the vaccine type and your dog's individual health history.

  • Rabies: every 1 or 3 years depending on the vaccine used and your state's law
  • DHPP: every 3 years after the first adult booster
  • Bordetella: every 6–12 months if your dog goes to boarding or dog parks
  • Leptospirosis and Lyme: annually in at-risk dogs

What Happens If You Miss a Vaccine?

Don't panic. Most vaccines can be restarted without repeating the full initial series. Your vet will advise the right catch-up schedule based on how long it's been and your dog's current health status. The most important thing is to call your vet and get back on track as soon as possible.

Important: Rabies is legally required

In most U.S. states, an up-to-date Rabies vaccine is required by law. A dog with an expired Rabies vaccine may be quarantined if it bites someone, even if no harm was intended. Check your state and county requirements.

Never miss a vaccine reminder again

Kinselo tracks every vaccine for your dog (and cat), shows you what's due and alerts you before it expires.

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Vaccine Side Effects: What's Normal?

Most dogs experience mild and short-lived side effects after vaccination: slight soreness at the injection site, low energy for 24–48 hours, mild fever or reduced appetite. These are normal immune responses and resolve on their own.

Contact your vet immediately if you notice facial swelling, difficulty breathing, vomiting, collapse or hives within a few hours of vaccination. These signs may indicate an allergic reaction and require prompt treatment.

Questions to Ask Your Vet

  • Which non-core vaccines do you recommend for my dog's lifestyle?
  • Is a 1-year or 3-year Rabies vaccine better for my dog?
  • Does my dog need titers instead of boosters at this point?
  • Are there any vaccines I should hold off on due to my dog's current health?

Useful products for vaccine day

Soft-sided pet carrier Airline-approved, keeps your dog calm during transport
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Calming chews for dogs Helps anxious dogs stay relaxed at the vet
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Kinselo: Pet Health Tracker Track vaccines, medications and vet visits - with due-date reminders
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